http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm
# Z$ \2 C9 Q4 c! p3 V9 mCoughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version9 g9 h9 k1 V6 U
Coughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).& @3 L" t; [, ]% d+ z! F2 g" `$ H: _
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Hemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.+ I0 c1 g( b( B; U {
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Considerations) ]4 x! t$ Z6 w! Z7 N
x; t1 w, ^: e' w! ZCoughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract.
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9 ~1 ~( _( d3 }" \( i7 Z- O3 GBlood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.
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: w6 X" R1 m5 k; BCauses
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A number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:
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' f/ ]1 a# o4 V/ a6 E" ^5 v) M; gBlood clot in the lung
6 r& k. D3 y7 R1 lBreathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration)+ M, B# G3 |! j3 I
Bronchoscopy with biopsy
2 ~+ M7 i3 P) M) gBronchiectasis
/ s1 q% o- \% |6 j& U8 mBronchitis C# A( Q3 t: @1 l4 p3 L, E
Cancer
0 E# ~: ]" X, U+ X h9 D3 H% @Cystic fibrosis+ u& [6 X) J8 U- X2 X. A5 r2 H
Inflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)
& d4 }4 N7 c1 I6 ~Injury to the arteries of the lungs
5 U. f* t$ g; B5 M) x3 R; b/ GIrritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)8 _ `# o, b& [( ^7 I# A
Pneumonia or other lung infections
# @. g9 Z$ u! s, U3 A3 yPulmonary edema
7 g5 z4 N% f$ A) o$ iSystemic lupus erythematosus* q$ z! I% A/ {" ^$ p2 F5 c
Tuberculosis
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Cough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.2 b1 W* u4 o: i" o# F
5 K1 I% a7 T1 O9 S' IIt is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.6 E# G7 M( l5 e' V: ~& _! g
7 q- a, H X; u. R0 ~When to Contact a Medical Professional; ^- A( N* k4 E, {1 @* r% A
! ]& `$ {+ [9 O. vGet medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:+ v" l. _' Q9 P( D/ C
! H* E* V' J4 f1 s, \A cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood
? X4 b; h+ S0 o# E+ jBlood in your urine or stools4 c% s/ u- L) I D* A% p
Chest pain1 D$ a0 M7 b" }) X$ u* u5 T! F
Dizziness/ U% J4 [' `+ R1 a
Fever
& d B1 z, g5 F( b3 ULight-headedness
* ~. q# ?6 F4 X, |1 l2 D1 _) sSevere shortness of breath, K) d3 Q \6 q9 `; W, b3 k* U5 z, o" B
What to Expect at Your Office Visit) H, g/ c& z8 X) h
3 |/ U6 n; G6 H2 l9 ?9 q+ E6 ~+ b$ ^In an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:4 I5 o# L E0 v# e& Y3 K* f. B; {
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Type$ T- |4 o' P6 z" \ I6 s
Are you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?
) F- _/ A, S" V" ~2 B1 oCan you see blood when you cough up something?: i6 |! u2 V w# A0 I6 t# I
How many times have you coughed up blood?
' S# v# e8 [! @. A) I5 V6 g& w$ A4 T% iIs there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?
4 V: S" X6 C9 H" O. ~* hTime pattern, I( S% N+ l4 h5 O& `& s( V$ s
Did it begin suddenly?$ v$ H' A) F' p/ ?8 g5 J
Has it increased recently?
; ~( [; {2 B3 ?+ KFor how many weeks has the cough lasted?7 `5 {* {2 A+ P5 H
Is the cough worse at night?
" n9 n7 i' ~% F; k+ Z. C, ^& b) P7 ~1 q/ wWhat other symptoms do you have?
7 W+ H! }2 u# T6 J1 ^ fThe doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:
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* I, ]- [8 v9 `Bronchoscopy, a test to view the airways
% Z3 _; F& E2 z/ \Chest CT scan
) F4 {$ _! V& u) \" z' p1 tChest x-ray% B! ~1 ]" N( x' o% ?4 I
Complete blood count
' e: v" V% l% x! `6 D8 BLung biopsy+ \4 S9 C" l8 R% a; }" a
Lung scan
- W; v8 }* r+ b' m0 J# |Pulmonary arteriography
: N4 H t/ ?1 _3 o7 bSputum culture and smear# ~% E+ x$ C$ m, X* `! h
Test to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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